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'A LEADER WHO LISTENS'; Man in the News

Date: 25 August 1982

By Charles Austin

Charles Austin

It is expected that Archbishop Joseph L. Bernardin, who yesterday was invested as head of the Archdiocese of Chicago, will soon be named a cardinal and wear the red hat of a prince of the church. But it probably will not affect his style; since his ordination as a bishop in 1966, he has shunned the princely manners that young and favored members of the Roman Catholic hierarchy often take on. His direct and informal style may have been a big factor in his selection as head of the nation's largest Catholic archdiocese, church insiders say.The 54-year-old Archbishop takes the cathedral of the see led by John Cardinal Cody until his death on April 25.Cardinal Cody cherished his authority and wielded it in a manner that his critics termed autocratic and said alienated many who sought a more democratic church.

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NEWS IS HARD TO COME BY ON A SOVIET PRESS TOUR

Date: 26 August 1982

By John F. Burns, Special To the New York Times

John Burns

ATA, U.S.S.R. - A group of Western correspondents recently flew 2,000 miles to this city, capital of Kazakhstan, and their meeting with Baiken Ashimov was billed as one of the highlights of a six-day tour. Mr. Ashimov, Premier of the Soviet republic, met the journalists at the ponderous, Soviet Gothic building that serves as his seat of government. Once inside, the visitors were ushered up plushly carpeted stairs to a large, air-conditioned reception room, with rows of desks arrayed before a looming portrait of Lenin. At the appointed hour, the Premier appeared through a side door with a retinue of aides. A thickset man of Kazakh descent, he settled into a desk facing the visitors and began a monologue on the republic's achievements that left most of his audience doodling or staring into space.

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News Analysis

Date: 25 August 1982

By Bernard D. Nossiter, Special To the New York Times

Bernard

Last Thursday, almost at the moment that the agreement on west Beirut was being accepted in Jerusalem, delegates to what was billed as an emergency session of the General Assembly here were voting to hold a $5.7 million, 12-day conference in Paris next August to talk about the Palestinian question. This episode illustrates what one Western diplomat called the ''monumental irrelevance'' of the United Nations in the crisis over Lebanon. There is a pervasive sense of frustration in corridors and offices here. The Assembly's vote on holding the conference followed more than two months of ineffective efforts by the Security Council, the most powerful body in the world organization to deal with the problem of Lebanon.

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News Analysis

Date: 25 August 1982

By Robert Pear, Special To the New York Times

Robert Pear

President Reagan took office promising a fundamental change in domestic social policy, and it is now clear that he has achieved much of what he promised. The growth of welfare and food stamp rolls has been halted, even amid a recession with the highest level of unemployment in 40 years. The Medicaid rolls have nearly stabilized. Expenditures for the construction of subsidized housing, for public-service employment and for job training have been sharply curtailed. Congress finished work last week on a second round of domestic spending cuts sought by Mr. Reagan. With that, it has become easier to discern the effect he has had on social policy.

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THERE'S SOME SWEET NEWS FOR LOVERS OF CANDY BARS

Date: 25 August 1982

By Bryan Miller

Bryan Miller

FOR Americans with a sweet tooth for candy bars, 1982 has been a very good year. Fierce competition in the candy industry combined with moderation in sugar and cocoa prices has reversed a trend that caused bars to shrink almost to record low weights in 1980. A Hershey's Milk Chocolate Bar, for example, weighed only 1.05 ounces in 1980 and cost 25 cents; today it weighs nearly 1.5 ounces and costs 30 cents, a price decrease of 60 cents a pound. Other major candy manufacturers, such as M & M/ Mars, which announced a 10 percent weight increase in its bars last month, and Peter Paul Cadbury have experienced similar fluctuations and today their products are at their highest weights in years. ''Some of the biggest candy bars ever are being sold today and, considering the price, they are a real value,'' said James Echeandia, a candy industry analyst who is executive vice president of the American Consulting Corporation in Orlando, Fla.

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A MAN WHO CHALLENGES PRESIDENTS

Date: 26 August 1982

By Barnaby J. Feder

Barnaby Feder

Back in 1978, when President Carter tried to block exports of advanced oil exploration equipment to the Soviet Union, John V. James came out fighting. The chairman of Dresser Industries, maker of the equipment, Mr. James publicly branded the President's move "sheer idiocy." This time around, as Dresser battles to avoid being penalized by the Reagan Administration for its French subsidiary's sales to the Soviet gas pipeline project, Mr. James has left the public discussion to Dresser's senior vice president, Edward R. Luter, and to the company's lawyers in Washington, at least so far. Is Mr. James reticent because he was an early and avid supporter of the Reagan-Bush ticket (George Bush is a former Dresser employee) and because President Reagan named him to his Export Council in 1979?

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CASSETTE SALES BOOMING AMID 'PIRATING' DISPUTE

Date: 26 August 1982

By Gerald Gold

Gerald Gold

BLAME it on the automobile, or the beach, or the Walkman, or size, or convenience, or improved sound and reliability - wherever you place the blame (or credit) something astonishing is happening to the record business: it is becoming the cassette business as well. While record companies are busy fighting for a tax or royalty on the sales of blank cassettes, on the theory that home ''pirating'' of disks is robbing artists and companies of rightful revenue, the same companies are benefiting from an extraordinary boom in the sale of prerecorded cassettes. The boom has reached the level at which prerecorded cassette sales now not only match but also are even overtaking the traditional long-playing record in consumer favor. According to Stephen J. Traiman, executive director of the Recording Industry Association of America, by the end of the current year prerecorded cassettes and disks will each have half the market, and by the end of 1983 cassettes could well be outselling disks. The industry figures, which combine popular and classical albums, show that in 1973 manufacturers shipped 280 million LP albums and 15 million cassettes. By 1981, 273 million LP's were shipped, reflecting the decline in the fortunes of the recording industry generally, but sales of prerecorded cassettes had jumped to 124 million, partly at the expense of eight-track cartridges, but also reflecting a steady rise in the proportion of tapes to disks.

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News Summary; THURSDAY, AUGUST 26, 1982

Date: 26 August 1982

International Israel has begun to release ''sizable'' numbers of the 7,000 Palestinian and other detainees held in southern Lebanon since the Israeli invasion began June 6, according to officials in Jerusalem. The development was one of several that suggested that Israel was now reducing the scope of its operation in Lebanon. (Page A1, Column 1.) American Marines entered Lebanon for the second time in 24 years. The first group of a contingent of 800 marines joined French troops as part of the multinational force that is monitoring the withdrawal of Palestinian guerrillas from west Beirut. (A1:2-3.)

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News Summary; WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 25, 1982

Date: 25 August 1982

International Clashes were reported east of Beirut and apparently involved Christian militiamen and Syrian troops. An Israeli spokesman said that Israeli troops were not involved in the fighting. This was disputed by radio broadcasts from Lebanon. Meanwhile, gunmen attacked the homes of six legislators who took part in the Presidential election Monday of Bashir Gemayel, the leader of the rightist Christian militia. (Page A1, Column 6.) Efforts to avoid civilian casualties were scrupulously carried out in the Israeli bombing of west Beirut, according to a pilot who took part in the attacks. The pilot, who requested anonymity, acknowledged there were civilian casualties, but he denied assertions that the intensive bombing had been indiscriminate. (A8:3-6.)

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TV, HEAR VIEWERS

Date: 25 August 1982

By George Watson

George Watson

''I'm mad as hell and I'm not going to take it anymore!'' The refrain led by Paddy Chayefsky's deranged ''Network'' anchorman is starting to be heard from audiences in the real world of television news. Viewers are still ''taking it'' in enormous quantities, but there is accumulating evidence that they are steamed up about much of what they see and hear. In a recent ABC News poll on the conflict between press freedom and privacy - the right to know versus the right to be left alone - 62 percent of the respondents said they would approve of a law preventing TV reporters from asking questions of people who didn't want to be interviewed, and 50 percent thought that TV reporters' questions seemed more designed to offend people than to produce news. Other surveys also add up to a jaundiced view of journalism generally. A Gallup Poll indicated that the public ranks the honesty and ethical standards of reporters considerably below that of police officers and just above business tycoons. A Los Angeles Times poll found that only one person in three believed that reporters are fair.

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ELECTION AGENCY TO RULE ON OFFER OF FREE AIR TIME BY BROADCASTERS

Date: 25 August 1982

AP

The Federal Election Commission is expected to rule this week in a case that could prevent broadcasters from donating free air time to political parties and candidates. The case, now scheduled for a decision Thursday, is one of two pending before regulatory agencies that could change the obligations of radio and television stations and the way they treat political parties and candidates who want air time. The second case is before the Federal Communications Commission and will not be resolved until next month at the earliest. It raises the question of whether broadcasters must provide free time to balance a paid announcement by a political party or independent political action committee when the announcement is broadcast outside a regular campaign period.

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